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A light-emitting-diode (LED) is a semiconductor diode that emits light when an electric current is applied in the forward direction of the device, as in the simple LED circuit. The effect is a form of electroluminescence where incoherent and narrow-spectrum light is emitted from the p-n junction in a solid state material.

LEDs are widely used as indicator lights on electronic devices and increasingly in higher power applications such as flashlights and area lighting. An LED is usually a small area (less than 1 mm2) light source, often with optics added directly on top of the chip to shape its radiation pattern and assist in reflection.The color of the emitted light depends on the composition and condition of the semi conducting material used, and can be infrared, visible, or ultraviolet. Besides lighting, interesting applications include using UV-LEDs for sterilization of water and disinfection of devices, and as a grow light to enhance photosynthesis in plants.

 

Analog electronic circuits are those in which signals may vary continuously with time to correspond to the information being represented. Electronic equipment like voltage amplifiers, power amplifiers, tuning circuits, radios, and televisions are largely analog (with the exception of their control sections, which may be digital, especially in modern units).

 

In digital electronic circuits, electric signals take on discrete values, which are not dependent upon time, to represent logical and numeric values. These values represent the information that is being processed. The transistor is one of the primary components used in discrete circuits, and combinations of these can be used to create logic gates. These logic gates may then be used in combination to create a desired output from an input. In this page you can find one of the circuit.

 

 

 

LED Flash Turn Left and Right

(asesoris lampu rem)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rangkaian pada gambar di bawah ini adalah berfungsi untuk menyalakan 16 buah LED secara bergantian dari kiri ke kanan secara bolak-balik.

 

Rangkaian ini terdiri dari tiga komponen utama yaitu sumber detak (clock) yang dapat diambil dari rangkaian multivibrator astabil, rangkaian pencacah pulsa naik-turun 4 bit (IC 74LS191) serta rangkaian dekoder 4 ke 16 (IC 74LS154).

 

Kecepatan pergerakan nyala LED dipengaruhi oleh besarnya frekuensi detak (clock). Setiap detak (pulsa) akan dicacah oleh IC 74LS191 dengan mode pencacahan yang dipengaruhi oleh keluaran NAND latch. Keluaran Nand Latch akan berlogika tinggi jika pin 17 dari IC 74LS154 berlogika rendah (kondisi ini akan membuat cacahan menaik). Demikian sebaliknya keluaran Nand Latch akan berlogika rendah jika pin 1 dari IC 74LS154 berlogika rendah (kondisi ini akan membuat cacahan menurun).

 

Ketika cacahan menaik maka nyala LED akan bergerak dari LED di pin 1 ke 17, sebaliknya maka nyala LED akan bergerak dari LED di pin 17 ke 1.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gambar 1. Rangkaian untuk menyalakan LED bolak-balik kiri ke kanan.

 

 

 

 

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